Whether you’re buying land, selling property, or resolving ownership disputes, examining a property’s legal history is essential. A deed search helps identify past transactions, existing owners, and any legal or financial liabilities associated with a plot. One of the most effective ways to conduct this search is by using the plot number, especially through state-run land record portals.
In this blog, we will explore what constitutes a deed search, the significance of the plot number, how to perform the deed search with such a number, and the benefits and demerits of the process.
What is a Deed Search?
A deed search is a process whereby records about a land property are searched to ascertain the historical ownership of the property, its legal status, claims, or encumbrances. These include, but are not limited to:
- Title deeds
- Sale deeds
- Gift or inheritance deeds
- Encumbrance certificates
- Mutation records
The primary purpose of a deed search is to check if the title to a property is clear and can be sold. In any real estate transaction, if an undisclosed lien/case/ownership dispute comes into the picture and halts the sale, it can cause a great deal of legal trouble for the other party.
Generally, deed searches are done at government land record portals or in person at the concerned local Sub-Registrar Office (SRO), where a property is registered.
What is Plot Number and Why Does it Matter in a Deed Search?
A plot number is an identification number that uniquely identifies a dispersion of lands located in a particular region or survey map. It acts as an important reference in property documentation and official records maintained by the land revenue departments.
Why Are Plot Numbers Important for Deed Searches?
- Accurate Identification: Plot numbers give the location and dimensions of land parcels to avoid confusion with the plot or plots next to them.
- Legal Reference: All official documents, such as sale deeds, mutation records, property tax receipts, and government surveys, quote the plot number to indicate a specific land parcel.
- Efficient Search: Plot numbers, when available, make the procedure of deed searching try to be conducted online faster by narrowing down the available choices to the one asked for.
- Verifying: Various departments or authorities, banks, and lawyers are using it to prove ownership, boundaries, and property disputes.
Without proper plot numbers, the deed search can become difficult, especially in regions where many properties might have similar names or overlapping addresses.
How to Conduct a Deed Search by Plot Number
Conducting a deed search by plot number is relatively simple these days, and with more and more land records going digital in India, this has become easier. Here is a step-wise guide:
Step 1: Collect Primary Details Regarding the Property
Before you embark upon the search, gather all necessary details for the search, such as: plot number, district, sub-district (Tehsil/Taluka), village/town (Mouza), and survey number (if available). The Khata/ Khatian number also helps when cross-checking (getting the records from different sources). Usually, these details can be found in property sale deeds, property tax records, or municipal assessment papers.
Step 2: Access the Land Records Portal
Nearly all Indian states have developed digital platforms to provide access to land records. Popular portals include:
- Bhulekh Odisha (https://bhulekh.ori.nic.in)
- Banglarbhumi West Bengal (https://banglarbhumi.gov.in)
- Mahabhulekh Maharashtra (https://mahabhulekh.maharashtra.gov.in)
- Dharani Telangana (https://dharani.telangana.gov.in)
Herein, you may enter and search for land records by plot number, district, and village. Usually, information related to land ownership, land type, area, and transaction history of the land plot is available.
Step 3: Conduct In-Person Search (if at all needed)
If the online portals do not produce enough information or where certified copies of past deeds are required, then one has to go to the local Sub-Registrar Office. Several services rendered there include:
- Obtaining certified copies of past deeds
- Getting an encumbrance certificate (EC)
- Checking mutation records
You are advised to carry identification, as well as property-related documents, to back up your application.
Step 4: Consult A Legal Expert
Legal documents often use dense legal jargon and phrases of art. Misinterpretation of these always remains a possibility. Especially in high-value purchases, one must therefore consult a property lawyer or professional document searching service.
Advantages of Deed Search by Plot Number
- Precision and clarity: For instance, sharing a plot number prevents vagueness in areas with intense populations, where different properties bear similar names or addresses.
- Time-efficient: Searching online can usually be completed in under a few minutes, especially when the requisite information is known. Deed search ensures quick access to essential details.
- Risk Mitigation: Discovering potential encumbrances or ownership disputes early in the buying process lessens the chances of future litigation.
- Due Diligence: Helps banks, buyers, and attorneys assist in carrying out due diligence thoroughly before approving a loan or completing a sale.
Conclusion
A deed search by plot number is a valuable tool for anyone involved in property transactions. It offers a detailed legal picture of a property’s history, helping to uncover potential issues that could pose serious risks if overlooked. By making effective use of online land record portals and consulting professionals when necessary, individuals can navigate the complexities of property ownership with greater confidence. In today’s real estate landscape, thorough research is essential to protect your investments and legal rights.