In construction, it is a proven fact that the quality of materials used directly affects the strength, durability, and beauty of a particular structure. Among the bricks, the first-class bricks are considered a good standard for their superior properties. These bricks are used in permanent structures of the highest quality where strength, durability, and aesthetic appeal are indispensable. This blog will help you identify first-class bricks and how to choose them.
What are First Class Bricks?
First-class bricks are considered one of the best products of table-moulded clay bricks. These bricks have defects which are thoroughly burnt in kilns. They have uniform shape and size, smooth surface, sharp edges, and high compressive strength. They are made as per the standards mentioned in the national building codes (IS 1077:1992) and are used in constructions where strength, durability, and appearance are given great importance.
Materials Used in First Class Bricks
- High-Quality Clay (50% – 70%)– It is the primary raw material because of its plasticity and homogeneity. It occupies 50% to 70% of the brick.
- Sand (20 to 30%)- It improves the texture and hardness.
- Water (15 to 20%)- Makes it workable for moulding.
- Lime (5 to 10%)- Optionally added for better binding and durability.
- Oxides- Iron Oxide is used for colouring, usually giving it a red hue to bricks.
Properties of First Class Bricks
Uniformity
The very first and the most evident hallmark of first-class bricks is uniformity as far as shape, size and colour are concerned. The moulded brick, using precise technology, ensures that all moulded bricks are almost identical to one another. Stability and durability in construction rely heavily on this characteristic of the brick since unevenness in brickwork will be detrimental to the overall strength of the structure.
Low Water Absorption
Very little water is absorbed by first-class bricks–only up to 20 per cent of their dry weight. This low water absorption will, therefore, prevent moisture buildup, thus keeping the bricks strong and durable, making them useful for retaining permanent construction.
High Compressive Strength
The compressive strength is around 100 to 125 kg/cm² for first-class bricks. These substantial bricks are utilised in constructions for the walls, base, etc., and for various structures in the building that bear large loads on them. One such important thing is that these bricks can bear even tons at a time without getting any sort of cracking or blister, and therefore are considered to be the most favourable option in high-quality construction projects.
Durability
Durability has been attributed to first-class bricks. These are weathering-resistant materials and can endure adverse environmental conditions, including high temperatures, rainfall, and freezing conditions. High-quality bricks resist the chance of cracking, chipping, or eroding, making them very long-lasting options for construction.
Benefits of Using First Class Bricks in Construction
Strength
These are first-class bricks made with good quality clay and have undergone thorough burning in kilns, hence their high compressive strength. These bricks can withstand heavy loads, making them appropriate for load-bearing structures.
Aesthetic Appeal
First-class bricks have a very beautiful, smooth surface texture, which greatly enhances the aesthetic appeal of the building. They are perfect for any structure where appearance counts, be it residential houses, commercial structures, or heritage buildings.
Weather Resistant
These bricks can withstand extreme weather effects such as rain, humidity, and temperature; hence, they can be used externally and internally.
Fire Resistant
The tightly packed first-class bricks give them good protection against fire, thereby safeguarding any structure from fire hazards on the safety ground.
Applications of First-Class Bricks in Construction
Load-Bearing Walls
For the construction of load-bearing walls of buildings, first-class bricks describe the most appropriate choice. The compressive strength of these bricks makes them apt for carrying heavy loads, thereby assuming high importance in multi-storey buildings and structures requiring stability and safety.
Foundations
The strength and durability of first-class bricks make them perfect for the construction of foundations, particularly in places of different soil conditions or moisture. They serve as solid support for the structure above, ensuring long-term stability.
External Walls and Facades
These bricks find extensive use in external walls and facades because of their aesthetic finish. They possess a full, smooth uniform appearance, which is further enhanced by durability that gives protection against weathering and environmental wear.
Fireplaces and Chimneys
These bricks are more frequently used for the construction of fireplaces, stoves, and chimneys, as they have outstanding properties of holding back fire. High-temperature endurance rejection is possible without cracking or deteriorating, thus making these components safe and long-lasting under high heat conditions.
Pavement and Road Construction
In some instances, first-class bricks are put to use in paving walkways and roads. Resistance to wear and thriving elements attests to their durability, making them preferable to many for outdoor options.
Partitions and Non-Load Bearing Walls
These bricks are also used in non-load-bearing partition walls. They do not carry heavy loads but lend themselves to strong, soundproofing partitioning on residential and commercial lines.
Heritage and Decorative Structures
These bricks are frequently alluded to or rather tagged heritage buildings and for decorative constructions, as they are suited for both restoration purposes of historical monuments and modern architectural designs because of uniformity, colour, and aesthetic appeal.
How to Choose the Right First Class Bricks for Your Project
Compressive Strength
Ensure bricks have the specified compressive strength (100–125 kg/cm²), as they are important for loading applications. Also, check the bricks against the prescribed standards of your local building code or guidelines.
Water Absorption
They usually absorb water less than 20% of their weight, which again helps to some extent against dampness and increases the durability of the walls. Water absorption test can be done by keeping the brick submerged in water for 24 hours and taking the before-and-after weights.
Uniform Size and Shape
The bricks must be uniform in size, shape, and colour. Uniform dimensions (190 x 90 x 90 mm) ensure smooth and stable brickwork for the overall aesthetic appeal of your project. Any variation will lead to both aesthetic and structural inefficiencies.
Free from Cracks and Defects
Visibly check for cracks within the bricks or chips, or any other visible defects. Such imperfections will affect the strength and durability of the bricks. First-class bricks are, of course, supposed to be smooth and flawless in surface finish.
Colour and Texture
First-class bricks usually have a more or less uniform reddish colour that presents the outcome of proper firing in the kiln. Smooth edges and sharp edges are the surfaces of bricks. Variation of colour or texture also indicates very poor manufacturing.
Suitability to Environmental Conditions
The conditions under which the bricks will be used should be part of the consideration. It is a humid place or a very hot area; then ensure that the bricks will weather well and not look bad because of moisture or temperature changes.
Conclusion
First-class brick is a most important ingredient in high-standard construction due to its uniform shape, smooth surface, and great strength. With their features of low water absorption and resistance to weathering, these bricks can be considered best for load-bearing structures and exposed brickwork.
They are definitely on the expensive side compared to cheaper alternatives, but their performance and longevity justify the cost of investment in permanent construction. The use of first-class bricks ensures the structural integrity of the buildings while also greatly enhancing their aesthetic and functional quality.