Confusion frequently arises between the fields of interior architecture and interior design, as people often misjudge the disciplines to be the same thing, especially when they are not aware of the technical aspects of the matter. However, these two professions are quite different as they define, plan, and require different kinds of expertise. Understanding the differences will not only help the professionals, but also property owners, and project managers to identify the right people for their jobs. This guide delves deeper into the differences and lays down detailed distinctions on working with an interior architect vs interior designer.
Overview of Interior Architecture
Interior architecture is the combination of architectural standards with interior space design and concentrates on structural, functional and aesthetic aspects regarding interior spaces. Interior architecture focuses on structural components of buildings (among other things) and hence, it is not limited to changing the appearance/ finish of walls, ceilings, floors and furniture. The main concern is the interplay of form and function with structural/ architectural components. Thus, interior architects are adept at converting spaces without causing any violation of national building code and safety regulations.
Key Aspects Involved
- Structural Modifications: An interior architect deals with the changes in the internal structure of a building, including the removal or addition of walls and openings, modification of the ceiling height, and the integration of new ventilation systems like HVAC.
- Building Systems Integration: The role of interior architects is to make sure that the mechanical, electrical, and plumbing systems are well co-ordinated with the aesthetics of a building.
- Code Compliance: It is of the utmost importance that any modifications made are in compliance with the local building codes, residential zoning laws and regulations. In short, safety and legality have to be ensured in all the changes made.
- Sustainability: At first, interior architecture was not particularly known for its focus on green building practices, but in recent years, the trend has been towards the implementation of sustainable practices in the field, including energy-efficient designs and the use of eco-friendly materials.
Overview of Interior Design
The scope of the interior design profession lies with the indoor spaces and their decoration and functionality. Interior designers are responsible for arranging the spaces in a way that best fits the requirements and wishes of the owners, taking care of aspects such as comfort, aesthetics, and usability. Though they do have some intersecting tasks with interior architects, the interior designers’ main work is concerned with furniture, colour schemes, textures, finishes, and overall decor.
Key Aspects Involved
- Space Planning: Designers in the interior sector plan space layouts to meet the needs and desires of building users.
- Aesthetic Enhancement: The main part of interior design is the selection of colours, furniture, fixtures, and finishes that will help create attractive visual environments.
- Material Selection: The materials for the interior finishes have to be selected so that they meet the functional and visual requirements of the space.
- Lighting Design: Lighting design is also done to give the space a perfect combination of function and beauty.
Interior Architecture vs. Interior Design: Key Differences
Responsibilities
- Interior Architecture: Interior architects take care of the beauty as well as the technical side of interior design. Through the process of designing, they are the ones who ensure safety, good functionality, and even compliance to building regulations. Through their work, they determine both the utility and the appearance of a space, hence, their involvement is very important in any interior project.
- Interior Design:
Interior designers are generally involved in projects after the architects complete their work. They mainly take care of finishing elements like furnishing, decorating, and colour coordination. Through their services, the space becomes more attractive, comfortable and convenient.
Scope of Work / Function
- Interior Architecture: Interior architecture is not just adding some adornments to a place, but involves complete spatial planning, some changes to the structure (if required), and the amalgamation of building systems like ventilation and lighting. The work includes floor plans to make the circulation better, enhancing natural light flow and even guaranteeing that the spaces have adequate usability.
- Interior Design: Interior design concentrates on improving a user’s experience in a structure that is already in place. It highlights style, comfort, and utility, making sure that the spaces are both visually attractive and also meet the client’s requirements.
Project Phase Involvement
- Interior Architecture: Interior architects generally start their job at the project’s initiation, collaborating with architects to decide the building’s structural layout and combine the necessary building systems. They also participate in the implementation process, thus managing the realisation of design plans.
- Interior Design: Interior designers usually are involved when the building has been already constructed. They concentrate on the interiors and furnishings of the space, making sure it contributes to the target goals of aesthetics and functionality.
Collaboration and Roles in the Construction Industry
- Interior Architecture: Interior architects work hand in hand with building architects, contractors, engineers, and other related professionals to check that the changes in the structure are possible and follow all the required regulations. It is their role to facilitate a building’s conversion from its structural framework to aesthetic and functional usability.
- Interior Design: Interior designers depend on interior architects and contractors for guidance in the areas of materials selection, furniture design, and space utilisation. They are mostly concerned with the client being aesthetically and functionally satisfied with the space.
Tools and Techniques Used
- Interior Architecture: Interior architects employ various technical software including AutoCAD, Revit, and SketchUp for the design and visualisation of structural and aesthetic changes. With these applications, they are able to take measurements and create 3D models of interior spaces, ensuring that every detail of the design is accurate and can be practically executed.
- Interior Design: Interior designers use software like Adobe Photoshop, AutoCAD, Sketchup and 3D rendering tools to make mood boards, floor plans, and design presentations. Using these resources, they can mix and match colours, textures, and furniture as they see fit.
Licensing & Regulation
- Interior Architecture: Interior architects are required to follow national and local building codes which include the National Building Code of India (NBC). They are also required to have appropriate professional credentials like a degree in architecture or interior architecture and some qualifications from accredited institutions.
- Interior Design: Interior designers in India are generally certified by professional organizations like the Indian Institute of Interior Designers (IIID), but this is not mandatory as anybody with an interest in the field can also undertake the profession. Although their work is not as regulated as that of interior architects, they still need to make sure their designs meet safety standards and local rules.
Cost
- Interior Architecture: Since the work is complicated and of a structural nature, it is logical that interior architectural projects are more costly. Part of the money is going to be spent on the labour, materials, and obtaining building approvals.
- Interior Design: The prices for the services of interior design are usually lower as the main focus of the service is on the aesthetic part and the finishing of the space. But the price can differ depending on the size and level of customisation of the project.
When to Hire
- Interior Architecture: If you are doing a major facelift, changing the layout of your place, or altering the structural elements of your home such as walls, windows, and ceilings, then an interior architect is required for it.
- Interior Design: It is necessary that an interior designer is engaged when the structure of the area is sound and only some minor aesthetic changes are required. Their skill is most effectively employed to enhance the appearance and functionality of a space through the use of furniture, colours, and décor.
Conclusion
The main difference between interior architecture and interior design is that the former is concerned with the building’s structural as well as aesthetic components, while the latter is more concerned with the aesthetic aspect. In an architectural solution, the changes are focused on the structure, building systems, and code, whereas the goal of interior design is to make the space more beautiful and functional. Both fields include trained professionals with the necessary knowledge, and the most important thing is to know which one of them you need to help you with your project.